Women's health pioneer

  • 2024.03.18 Monday
  • 09:00

JUGEM¥Æ¡¼¥Þ¡§Æüµ­¡¦°ìÈÌ

 

¡¡¶á½ê¤Î²Ö¤¿¤Á

 

Women of the year / Marlena Fejzo

WOMEN’S HEALTH PIONEER

By Jamie Ducharme

GENETICIST MARLENA FEJZO HAD A DIFFICULT start to her first pregnancy.  She suffered from nausea and vomiting, as roughly 70% of pregnant people do, but pushed through until the symptoms lessened with time.

°äÅÁ³Ø¼Ô¤Î¥Þ¥ì¡¼¥Ê¡¦¥Õ¥§¥Ø¥¾¤Ï¡¢½é¤á¤Æ¤ÎÇ¥¿±¤Çº¤Æñ¤Ê¥¹¥¿¡¼¥È¤òÀڤä¿¡£ Ç¥¿±¤·¤¿¿Í¤ÎÌó70¡ó¤¬¤½¤¦¤Ç¤¢¤ë¤è¤¦¤Ë¡¢Èà½÷¤ÏÅǤ­µ¤¤ÈÓÒÅǤ˶줷¤ó¤À¤¬¡¢»þ´Ö¤È¤È¤â¤Ë¾É¾õ¤¬·Ú¤¯¤Ê¤ë¤Þ¤Ç²æËý¤·¤¿¡£

¡¡

    Her second pregnancy, in 1999, was another story.  For weeks, all Fejzo could do was lie flat on her back, since even rolling to her side triggered debilitating nausea.  Eating or drinking was out of the question, forcing her to get a home ­¸ for nourishment.  “Every second, she says, “was torture.”

 1999ǯ¤Î2ÅÙÌܤÎÇ¥¿±¤Ï¤Þ¤¿Ê̤ÎÏäÀ¤Ã¤¿¡£ ¿ô½µ´Ö¡¢¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¡¼¤Ï¶Ä¸þ¤±¤Ë¿²¤ë¤³¤È¤·¤«¤Ç¤­¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡¢²£¸þ¤­¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤³¤È¤µ¤¨¡¢¿ê¼å¤·¤¿ÅǤ­µ¤¤ò°ú¤­µ¯¤³¤¹¤«¤é¤À¡£¿©¤Ù¤¿¤ê°û¤ó¤À¤ê¤¹¤ë¤³¤È¤ÏÌäÂê³°¤Ç¤¢¤ê¡¢±ÉÍÜÊäµë¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë­¸¹æÂð¤ËÄ̤¦¤³¤È¤ò;µ·¤Ê¤¯¤µ¤ì¤¿¡£ ¡Ö°ìÉðìÉ䬹éÌä¤À¤Ã¤¿¡×¤ÈÈà½÷¤Ï¸À¤¦¡£

 

    Fejzo, who is now 56 and a clinical assistant professor at the University of Southern California’s Keck School of Medicine, had something more serious than typical morning sickness.  She was ultimately diagnosed with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG), a condition that leads to extreme nausea and vomiting in 1% to 3% of pregnancies.

¸½ºß56ºÐ¤Ç¡¢Æ¥ê¥Õ¥©¥ë¥Ë¥¢Âç³Ø¥±¥Ã¥¯°å³ØÉô¤ÎÎ×¾²½õ¶µ¼ø¤ò̳¤á¤ë¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¡¼¤Ï¡¢Åµ·¿Åª¤Ê¤Ä¤ï¤ê¤è¤ê¤â¿¼¹ï¤ÊÌäÂê¤òÊú¤¨¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£ Èà½÷¤ÏºÇ½ªÅª¤ËÇ¥¿±°­ÁË¡ÊHG¡Ë¤È¿ÇÃǤµ¤ì¤¿¡£HG¤ÏÇ¥¿±¤Î1¡ó¤«¤é3¡ó¤Ë¸«¤é¤ì¤ë¡¢¶ËÅÙ¤ÎÅǤ­µ¤¤ÈÓÒÅǤò°ú¤­µ¯¤³¤¹Éµ¤¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡£

 

   But even as her doctor diagnosed her, he downplayed the situation suggesting that many women with HG exaggerate their symptoms for sympathy.  Fejzo knew he was wrong; the idea of making up such misery was ludicrous.  But she “didn’t have the energy to fight.”  By that point, she was bedbound and losing weight at an alarming rate.

¤·¤«¤·¡¢¼ç¼£°å¤ÏÈà½÷¤ò¿ÇÃǤ·¤Ê¤¬¤é¤â¡¢HG¤Î½÷À­¤Î¿¤¯¤ÏƱ¾ð¤ò°ú¤¯¤¿¤á¤Ë¾É¾õ¤ò¸ØÄ¥¤¹¤ë¤Î¤À¤È¡¢¾õ¶·¤ò·Ú»ë¤·¤¿¡£ ¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¡¼¤Ï¡¢Èब´Ö°ã¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤òÃΤäƤ¤¤¿¡£¤³¤Î¤è¤¦¤ÊÉÔ¹¬¤ò¤Ç¤Ã¤Á¾å¤²¤ë¤È¤¤¤¦¹Í¤¨¤ÏÇϼ¯¤²¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£ ¤·¤«¤·¡¢Èà½÷¤Ï¡ÖÀ臘µ¤ÎϤ¬¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡×¡£ ¤½¤Î»þÅÀ¤Ç¡¢Èà½÷¤Ï¥Ù¥Ã¥É¤Ë¿²¤¿¤­¤ê¤Ë¤Ê¤ê¡¢¶Ã¤¯¤Ù¤­¥¹¥Ô¡¼¥É¤ÇÂνŤ¬¸º¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤Ã¤¿¡£

 

   Fejzo’s physician eventually ordered a feeding tube, at around 11 weeks of pregnancy, but it wasn’t enough.  Fejzo had become so frail that she lost her fetus just a few weeks later.  “It was just too late,” she says.

¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¤Î¼ç¼£°å¤Ï¡¢Ç¥¿±11½µÌܤ˱ÉÍÜ¥Á¥å¡¼¥Ö¤òÆþ¤ì¤¿¤¬¡¢½½Ê¬¤Ç¤Ï¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£ ¥Õ¥§¥¸¥¾¤Ï¡¢¿ô½µ´Ö¸å¤ËÂÛ»ù¤ò¼º¤¦¤Û¤É¿ê¼å¤·¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£ ¡Ö¼êÃÙ¤ì¤Ç¤·¤¿¡×¤ÈÈà½÷¤Ï¸À¤¦¡£a

 

   Haunted by her doctor’s dismissal and the limits of his care, Fejzo tried to learn whatever she could about HG while she recovered.  That turned out to be not much at all—the condition was barely studied at the time.  (Many would only learn about HG when British royal Kate Middleton was hospitalized with it during her pregnancies.)  “There was so little known,” Fejzo says, but she had a hunch “there was something biological going on.”  She vowed to be the one to find out what it was, both for her own sake and that of her future children, twin daughters who were later born via surrogate.  “I didn’t want my daughters to have to go through that,” she says.  “Or anybody else.”

¼ç¼£°å¤Î²ò¸Û¤ÈÈà¤Î¼£ÎŤθ³¦¤ËǺ¤Þ¤µ¤ì¤¿¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¡¼¤Ï¡¢²óÉü¤¹¤ë¤Þ¤Ç¤Î´Ö¡¢HG¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤Æ³Ø¤Ù¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï²¿¤Ç¤â³Ø¤Ü¤¦¤È¤·¤¿¡£ Åö»þ¡¢HG¤Ï¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¸¦µæ¤µ¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¤«¤é¤À¡£¡Ê¿¤¯¤Î¿Í¤¬HG¤Ë¤Ä¤¤¤ÆÃΤë¤è¤¦¤Ë¤Ê¤ë¤Î¤Ï¡¢±Ñ¹ñ²¦¼¼¤Î¥±¥¤¥È¡¦¥ß¥É¥ë¥È¥ó¤¬Ç¥¿±Ãæ¤ËHG¤ÇÆþ±¡¤·¤¿¤È¤­¤À¤±¤Ç¤¢¤ë¡Ë¡£

¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¡¼¤Ï¸À¤¦¡£¡ÖÃΤé¤ì¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤³¤È¤Ï¤Û¤È¤ó¤É¤¢¤ê¤Þ¤»¤ó¤Ç¤·¤¿¤¬¡¢Èà½÷¤Ï "À¸Êª³ØŪ¤Ê²¿¤«¤¬µ¯¤³¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤ë "¤Èľ´¶¤·¤¿¤Î¤Ç¤¹¡×¡£ Èà½÷¤Ï¡¢¼«Ê¬¼«¿È¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤â¡¢¸å¤ËÂåÍý½Ð»º¤ÇÀ¸¤Þ¤ì¤¿ÁлҤÎ̼¤¿¤Á¤Î¤¿¤á¤Ë¤â¡¢¤½¤ÎÀµÂΤòÆͤ­»ß¤á¤è¤¦¤ÈÀÀ¤Ã¤¿¡£ ¡Ö̼¤¿¤Á¤Ë¤¢¤ó¤Ê»×¤¤¤Ï¤µ¤»¤¿¤¯¤Ê¤«¤Ã¤¿¡£ ¡Ö¾¤Îï¤Ë¤â¡£¡×

 

 

¡¡¡¡Fejzo was uniquely well suited to the task.  She’d been interested in women’s health since her Ph.D. training in genetics at Harvard University, when she discovered two genes linked to developing potentially painful uterine growths known as fibroids.  She’d gone on to research breast cancer at the University of California, San Francisco, and multiple sclerosis at the University of California, Los Angeles.   Motivated by her “horrible experience and the memory of being blamed for it, she turned her scientific expertise toward her own condition.

¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¡¼¤Ï¡¢¤³¤Î»Å»ö¤Ë¸þ¤¤¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£ Èà½÷¤Ï¥Ï¡¼¥Ð¡¼¥ÉÂç³Ø¤Ç°äÅÁ³Ø¤ÎÇî»Î²ÝÄø¤ËºßÀÒ¤·¡¢»ÒµÜ¶Ú¼ð¤È¤¤¤¦Äˤߤòȼ¤¦»ÒµÜ¤ÎÀ®Ä¹¤Ë´ØÏ¢¤¹¤ë2¤Ä¤Î°äÅÁ»Ò¤òȯ¸«¤·¤Æ°ÊÍè¡¢½÷À­¤Î·ò¹¯¤Ë¶½Ì£¤ò»ý¤Ã¤Æ¤¤¤¿¡£ ¤½¤Î¸å¡¢Èà½÷¤Ï¥«¥ê¥Õ¥©¥ë¥Ë¥¢Âç³Ø¥µ¥ó¥Õ¥é¥ó¥·¥¹¥³¹»¤ÇÆý¤¬¤ó¤ò¡¢¥«¥ê¥Õ¥©¥ë¥Ë¥¢Âç³Ø¥í¥µ¥ó¥¼¥ë¥¹¹»¤Ç¿ȯÀ­¹Å²½¾É¤ò¸¦µæ¤·¤¿¡£ 

¡Ö¶²¤í¤·¤¤·Ð¸³¡×¤È¡¢¤½¤Î¤»¤¤¤ÇÈóÆñ¤µ¤ì¤¿µ­²±¤ËÆͤ­Æ°¤«¤µ¤ì¡¢Èà½÷¤Ï²Ê³ØŪ¤ÊÀìÌçÃ챤ò¼«Ê¬¤Î¾É¾õ¤Ë¸þ¤±¤¿¡£

 

   She began by setting up online survey to learn more about the experiences of other people who’d had HG, the results of which suggested the condition ran in families—many sufferers said their mothers or siters had also lived through it.  Even more painstakingly, Fejzo spent a decade calling people who had suffered through HG, one by one, to ask for saliva samples she could use in genetic studies down the line.  She collected plenty of samples, but at first struggled to perused funders to pay for costly genetic research.

Èà½÷¤Ï¤Þ¤º¡¢HG¤Ë¤«¤«¤Ã¤¿¤³¤È¤Î¤¢¤ë¾¤Î¿Í¤¿¤Á¤Î·Ð¸³¤òÃΤ뤿¤á¤Ë¡¢¥ª¥ó¥é¥¤¥óÄ´ºº¤ò³«»Ï¤·¤¿¡£Â¿¤¯¤Î´µ¼Ô¤¬¡¢Êì¿Æ¤äƱµï¿Í¤âHG¤ò·Ð¸³¤·¤Æ¤¤¤ë¤ÈÅú¤¨¤¿¡£

¤µ¤é¤Ë¹ü¤ÎÀÞ¤ì¤ë¤³¤È¤Ë¡¢¥Õ¥§¥¤¥¾¡¼¤Ï10ǯ´Ö¡¢HG¤ò·Ð¸³¤·¤¿¿Í¡¹¤Ë°ì¿Í°ì¿ÍÅÅÏäò¤«¤±¡¢°äÅÁ»Ò¤Î¸¦µæ¤Ë»È¤¨¤ëÂñեµ¥ó¥×¥ë¤ÎÄ󶡤òµá¤á¤¿¡£

Èà½÷¤Ï¤¿¤¯¤µ¤ó¤Î¥µ¥ó¥×¥ë¤ò½¸¤á¤¿¤¬¡¢ºÇ½é¤ÏÈñÍѤΤ«¤«¤ë°äÅÁ»Ò¸¦µæ¤Î¤¿¤á¤Î»ñ¶âÄ󶡼Ԥòõ¤¹¤Î¤Ë¶ìÏ«¤·¤¿¡£

calendar

S M T W T F S
     12
3456789
10111213141516
17181920212223
24252627282930
31      
<< March 2024 >>

selected entries

categories

archives

recent comment

  • M-idea ¼«Å¾¼Ö¥¤¥ó¥×¥ì¡¡Â裲ÃÆ
    ¢Í Nolvadex (03/01)
  • £Ã£Ð£Ø¡Ê¿´ÇÙ±¿Æ°Éé²Ù»î¸³¡Ë¸¡ºº ¤Ç¸¡ººÃ´Åö°å¤¬¥®¥Ö¥¢¥Ã¥×
    ¢Í ViagraSan (01/28)
  • M-idea ¼«Å¾¼Ö¥¤¥ó¥×¥ì¡¡Â裲ÃÆ
    ¢Í PharmaDoc (01/27)
  • ÃÞÇÈ»³¡¢ÃËÂλ³¤È½÷Âλ³¡¢¤É¤Á¤é¤¬¤É¤Ã¤Á¡©
    ¢Í Farmacia (01/16)
  • £Ã£Ð£Ø¡Ê¿´ÇÙ±¿Æ°Éé²Ù»î¸³¡Ë¸¡ºº ¤Ç¸¡ººÃ´Åö°å¤¬¥®¥Ö¥¢¥Ã¥×
    ¢Í Kamagra (12/15)
  • M-idea ¼«Å¾¼Ö¥¤¥ó¥×¥ì¡¡Â裲ÃÆ
    ¢Í Kamagra (12/09)
  • ÃÞÇÈ»³¡¢ÃËÂλ³¤È½÷Âλ³¡¢¤É¤Á¤é¤¬¤É¤Ã¤Á¡©
    ¢Í Farmacia (12/08)
  • ˧²ì·òÆó¼Ì¿¿Å¸¤Ø
    ¢Í Farmacia (12/04)
  • £Ã£Ð£Ø¡Ê¿´ÇÙ±¿Æ°Éé²Ù»î¸³¡Ë¸¡ºº ¤Ç¸¡ººÃ´Åö°å¤¬¥®¥Ö¥¢¥Ã¥×
    ¢Í malsigh (06/05)
  • Æ»¶ñ¤ËÍê¤ëÃˤÎÁݽü
    ¢Í malsigh (06/02)

links

profile

search this site.

others

mobile

qrcode

powered

̵ÎÁ¥Ö¥í¥°ºîÀ®¥µ¡¼¥Ó¥¹ JUGEM